Microchip PIC16F690-I/SS 8-Bit Microcontroller Overview and Application Guide

The Microchip PIC16F690-I/SS is a versatile 8-bit microcontroller belonging to the popular PIC® mid-range family. Housed in a 20-pin SSOP (Shrink Small Outline Package), this device combines robust performance with a rich set of peripherals, making it an ideal choice for a wide array of embedded control applications. Its architecture is built around an enhanced Harvard RISC core that can execute most instructions in a single cycle, achieving a throughput of up to 5 MIPS at its maximum clock frequency of 20 MHz.

A key strength of the PIC16F690 lies in its memory configuration. It features 4 KB of Flash program memory, 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory, and 256 bytes of SRAM. This provides ample space for both complex program code and critical data storage that must be retained through power cycles. The inclusion of self-read/write capability for its program memory further enhances its flexibility for bootloader applications or field firmware updates.

The peripheral set integrated into this MCU is impressive for its pin count. It includes:

Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC): A 10-bit module with 12 channels, enabling precise measurement of analog sensors.

Two Analog Comparators: For comparing external voltages without needing to engage the ADC.

Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART): Facilitates serial communication protocols like RS-232, RS-485, and LIN bus.

Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and Inter-Integrated Circuit (I²C): Support communication with a vast ecosystem of peripheral chips such as sensors, memory, and display drivers.

Two 8-bit timers (TMR0, TMR2) and one 16-bit timer (TMR1): Provide the necessary timing and counting functions for event management and PWM generation.

Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module: Allows for pulse width modulation, which is essential for controlling motor speed, LED brightness, and more.

A standout feature is its nanoWatt XLP Technology, which enables extremely low power consumption. This makes the PIC16F690-I/SS exceptionally well-suited for battery-powered and portable devices where energy efficiency is paramount. The MCU can operate effectively in a voltage range from 2.0V to 5.5V, accommodating various power supply designs.

Application Guide

The PIC16F690's blend of analog, communication, and control peripherals opens it up to numerous uses. It is perfectly capable of serving as the central control unit in consumer electronics, such as remote controls, small appliances, and power tools. In the industrial sector, it can be deployed in sensor interfaces, data loggers, and simple motor control units. Its analog capabilities make it a strong candidate for embedded sensing and measurement devices, including thermostats, environmental monitors, and basic data acquisition systems. Furthermore, its low-power pedigree positions it as a top choice for portable medical devices like blood glucose meters or wearable health monitors.

ICGOODFIND: The PIC16F690-I/SS is a highly integrated, cost-effective 8-bit microcontroller that punches above its weight. Its optimal mix of processing power, extensive peripherals (including a 12-channel ADC and serial communication modules), and exceptional energy efficiency with nanoWatt XLP technology make it a enduringly popular solution for designers tackling space-constrained and power-sensitive embedded control challenges.

Keywords: 8-bit Microcontroller, nanoWatt XLP Technology, Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), Peripheral Integration, Low-Power Applications.